Chronic cough is a persistent cough that lasts for eight weeks or longer in adults, or more than four weeks in children. Unlike a short-term cough caused by a common cold or infection, chronic cough often indicates an underlying health condition that requires medical attention. It can be dry or productive and may occur throughout the day or worsen at night, disrupting sleep and daily activities.

There are several common causes of chronic cough. Upper airway conditions such as postnasal drip, asthma, and allergic rhinitis are frequent contributors. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), in which stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, can also trigger a long-lasting cough. Other causes include chronic bronchitis, exposure to irritants like smoke or pollution, certain medications such as ACE inhibitors, and respiratory infections that do not fully resolve.

Symptoms associated with chronic cough may include throat irritation, hoarseness, chest discomfort, or a sensation of mucus in the throat. Over time, persistent coughing can lead to fatigue, muscle pain, headaches, and reduced quality of life. Because chronic cough has many possible causes, proper diagnosis is essential. Doctors may perform physical examinations, imaging tests, lung function tests, or allergy assessments to identify the underlying issue.

Treatment of chronic cough focuses on addressing its root cause rather than just suppressing the symptom. This may involve managing asthma, treating acid reflux, controlling allergies, or avoiding environmental triggers. In many cases, once the underlying condition is properly treated, the cough improves significantly or resolves completely. Early evaluation and appropriate management are key to preventing complications and restoring comfort and well-being.