Recurrent respiratory infections refer to repeated infections of the airways and lungs that occur more frequently than normal over a period of time. These infections may affect the upper respiratory tract, such as the nose, throat, and sinuses, or the lower respiratory tract, including the bronchi and lungs. Common examples include repeated colds, sinus infections, bronchitis, and pneumonia. While occasional respiratory infections are normal, especially in children, frequent episodes may indicate an underlying health issue.

Several factors can contribute to recurrent respiratory infections. A weakened or immature immune system is a common cause, particularly in young children and older adults. Chronic conditions such as asthma, allergic rhinitis, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) can increase susceptibility to infections. Environmental factors like exposure to air pollution, cigarette smoke, crowded living conditions, or poor ventilation also play a role. In some cases, nutritional deficiencies or anatomical abnormalities of the airways may be involved.

Symptoms vary depending on the type and severity of the infection but often include cough, fever, nasal congestion, sore throat, shortness of breath, and fatigue. Repeated infections can interfere with school, work, and daily activities, and may lead to complications if not properly treated. Diagnosis usually involves reviewing medical history, physical examination, and sometimes laboratory tests or imaging studies.

Management of recurrent respiratory infections focuses on identifying and treating the underlying cause. This may include improving immune health, managing chronic respiratory conditions, maintaining good hygiene, and reducing exposure to environmental irritants. Vaccinations, balanced nutrition, and timely medical care can significantly reduce the frequency and severity of infections, helping individuals maintain better respiratory health and overall well-being.