Gastritis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the stomach lining, which can cause discomfort and digestive problems. It can develop suddenly (acute gastritis) or gradually over time (chronic gastritis). The inflammation can be caused by factors such as infection with Helicobacter pylori bacteria, excessive use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), alcohol consumption, stress, or autoimmune disorders.

Common symptoms of gastritis include upper abdominal pain or discomfort, nausea, vomiting, bloating, loss of appetite, and a burning sensation in the stomach. Some people may also experience indigestion, belching, or a feeling of fullness after small meals. In severe cases, gastritis can lead to stomach ulcers, bleeding, or an increased risk of stomach cancer if left untreated.

Diagnosis is typically made through medical history, physical examination, and tests such as endoscopy, blood tests, or stool tests to check for infection or bleeding. Treatment focuses on reducing stomach inflammation, relieving symptoms, and addressing the underlying cause. This may include medications such as antacids, proton pump inhibitors, H2 blockers, or antibiotics in the case of bacterial infection.

Lifestyle changes also play a key role in managing gastritis. Avoiding spicy, fatty, or acidic foods, limiting alcohol intake, quitting smoking, and reducing stress can help prevent flare-ups. With proper medical care and lifestyle adjustments, most people with gastritis can manage their symptoms effectively and maintain healthy digestive function. Early diagnosis and consistent treatment are essential to prevent complications and improve quality of life.